Docker is an open platform for developing, build, shipping, running the applications very quickly. Docker able to separate your application from your infrastructure. The docker used to build the softwares in a docker image and running in containers.

We are able to easily manage our infrastructure in the same ways you manage your applications. This post will helps you how to install a Docker engine or Docker daemon in your Ubuntu 20.04 machine.

Installation steps:

Just open the Terminal window and Remove if any Docker containers are running in the machine, the command is,

​$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io

Check if the system is up-to-date using the command below,
$ apt-get update

Install a Docker in your system and if you may received the errors, just install prerequisite packages, GPG Key and add the Docker repository,
$ sudo apt install docker-ce


Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Package docker-ce is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source

E: Package 'docker-ce' has no installation candidate
 

Then, install some of the prerequisite packages which let apt use packages using the command below,

$ sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

Add the GPG key for the official Docker repository to your system,
$curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

Add the Docker repository to APT sources using the command below,
sudo add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu focal stable"

Once you have executed the commands above, then we will install the docker engine in your machine,
sudo apt install docker-ce

If you would like to give grant prevellege the users access the docker without sudo add your username to the docker group
$ sudo usermod -aG docker ${USER}

I hope, the docker is installed in your without any issue, then start the docker engine using the command,
$ sudo service docker start

If you want to check the docker daemon running status,
$ sudo service docker status

docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2022-07-20 04:02:11 UTC; 10 minutes ago
     Docs: https://docs.docker.com
 Main PID: 1119 (dockerd)
    Tasks: 38
   CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
           ├─1119 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock


Run a sample container:

Lets go to run a sample docker container with NGINX webserver,

$ docker run -itd --name thelinuxfaq-nginx nginx:latest

If the docker nginx image is already not available in your local machine, it would be downloaded automatically and run the nginx image in a contianer,

Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally

latest: Pulling from library/nginx

461246efe0a7: Already exists 

060bfa6be22e: Pull complete 

b34d5ba6fa9e: Pull complete 

8128ac56c745: Pull complete 

44d36245a8c9: Pull complete 

ebcc2cc821e6: Pull complete 

Digest: sha256:1761fb5661e4d77e107427d8012ad3a5955007d997e0f4a3d41acc9ff20467c7

Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest

89257ff4c27c0d263e00694ffed71e7cfb9cfbbf7e0f3ef633e4cd7d7c449780

List out the running docker container,



$ docker container ls



CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                      NAMES

89257ff4c27c   nginx:latest   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 seconds ago   Up 4 seconds   80/tcp                     thelinuxfaq-nginx


Oh sorry, I forgot to add or expose a container's port(s) to the host. -p option is helps you,

-p, --publish list        Publish a container's port(s) to the host



$ docker run -itd --name thelinuxfaq-nginx -p 8090:80 nginx:latest



f6de23fea6c819c1ef11fa717378aabb53d7f24e486ba2f65950e2037840e0f5

Now, you can see the nginx container is running with the port expose 8090,


$ docker container ls



CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                      NAMES

f6de23fea6c8   nginx:latest   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   6 seconds ago   Up 5 seconds   0.0.0.0:8090->80/tcp       thelinuxfaq-nginx


Now, open your browser and use the URL: http://localhost:8090.

that's it.